ABSTRACT
Immunization may be achieved actively or passively. Active immunization is the basis of the routine childhood vaccination programme, using inactivated or live attenuated organisms or their products to stimulate antibody production. Protection by actively produced antibody or antitoxin will then last for months or years, with booster doses reinforcing immunity. Passive immunity is achieved by the injection of human immunoglobulin, providing immediate, but only temporary protection.
