ABSTRACT
The previous chapters dealt with the provision of waste and sanitation services by households, informal actors, NGOs and CBOs and local governments. This chapter extends the discussion on scales of management and participation by introducing spatial and technical scales. The Modernised Mixtures approach has been typically developed to include both the technical and managerial dimensions in assessing and evaluating waste and sanitation configurations. This chapter shows what a socio-technical lens may do for the assessment of sanitation infrastructure management in Kisumu (Kenya) and Kampala (Uganda). With the examples of sanitation planning in both cities, it is assessed that diverse scales of sanitation infrastructures, from household on-site, community on-site, to satellite sewers and conventional sewers, require the involvement of different actor configurations for asset ownership, maintenance and management. Data for this research was gathered during field work visits to both cities between 2007 and 2009. Data collection entailed document acquisition, archival retrieval, observations, wastewater sampling, and interviews with sanitation experts, managers, and local authorities in Kampala and Kisumu (Letema 2012).
