ABSTRACT
Toxicants or their phase I or phase II metabolites are eliminated from the body by many different routes, including urine, feces, exhaled air from the lungs, milk, sweat, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid. By far the main route of elimination is the urine, produced by the kidneys. Second is fecal elimination, which involves excretion of xenobiotics into the bile by hepatocytes. Third is elimination via the lungs, where gaseous toxicants or their metabolites are exhaled during the respiratory cycle.
