ABSTRACT
Khalil Maleki was an unusual phenomenon in modern Iranian politics and society. His ideas were so original for their time that they made him many enemies from the entire spectrum of Iranian politics. He is now being acclaimed by democratic parties and groups of both Right and Left as a sincere as well as an astute political thinker and activist, too advanced to be understood and appreciated before the recent lessons of Iranian history. Indeed, a growing number of former Marxist–Leninist groups and individ- uals who have turned to parliamentary socialism regard him as their outstanding precursor.
