ABSTRACT
A common approach de-naturalizes evil – takes the evil out by claiming that natural things just are, without value being either present or absent. If one asks whether a tree is sad or glad, one is misunderstanding trees. If one asks whether evolution is good or evil, one is using irrelevant categories. Nature is a neutral substrate. Natural processes and products have the standing possibility of valuation or disvaluation when humans come on the scene. But matters of fact have to be kept in a different realm from matters of value.
