ABSTRACT
The battle for control of the State was really two distinct battles, or two phases of the same battle fought at two quite different levels. The first was the running battle for Parliamentary Reform: a three-cornered fight between the three major classes to decide the form of the constitution and the method of choosing who should rule. The second was the battle for administrative reform, to determine the machinery of executive government and the method of recruiting the administrators. The first was an open battle, fought in the widest public arena of politics, with sound and fury and the occasional threat of revolution. The second was partly in the open, with public agitations for particular reforms, but that was the less important part. The more important part was the struggle to determine the means of implementing the reforms, fought mainly in what are now called the corridors of power, by the men who built the corridors and channelled the power through them, the new administrators themselves.
