ABSTRACT
God, devil, man, Gladstone, John, Mary, American, friend, thief, army, animal, cat, plant, rose, bud, etc. (living beings and plants);
star, stone, mountain, house, room, road, book, picture, nose, etc. (things); iron, air, water, tea, food, linen, etc. (substances); lightning, gale, war, fight, walk, accident, death, echo, play, call, change, sleep, life,
laughter, etc. (happenings, acts, states); year, month, hour, inch, mile, pound, handful, bushel, shilling, etc. (measures,
indications of quantity); beauty, health, kindness, bitterness, poverty, etc. (qualities). Some words may belong to two of these classes; thus rain sometimes means a
substance, sometimes a happening. Nor are these sub-classes meant to be exhaustive: it would be difficult to tell in which of them to place such undoubted substantives as titne, space, form and cause.
