ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the relationship between the labels applied to refugees and the governance regimes that are created to manage them. It shows that the refugee camps are sites of multiple sovereignties and of multiple denizenships. In practical terms, refugee camps are sites of de-territorialized sovereign authority. The extent to which non-state actors should be able to exercise governance functions is also relevant to the administration of justice. The chapter examines the potential for non-state armed groups to be partners in refugee protection, suggesting that opposition to such groups may be influenced by conceptions of sovereigns and denizens rather than by the empirical threat they present. Refugee threats are controlled by rules and regulations, but they are also controlled by the spatial environment of the camp itself. Refugee camps have been aptly described by Agier as a form of quarantine to separate polluting refugees from a host population.
