ABSTRACT
The colonisation by the Dutch of what is now South Africa, and later the arrival of British, French and Portuguese colonists in many parts of Africa have been the cause of great upheavals. As recently as the years immediately following the Second World War the prospects for moving more European settlers to the tropics was still being debated. Those already there owned much of the best agricultural land locally, and newcomers would expect additional favourable land. For example, in Tanganyika (now Tanzania) the unsuccessful Groundnut Scheme was launched by the UK during the term of office of a Labour Government in the 1940s to provide a primary product for the European market.
