ABSTRACT
A few days after my visit to An Ting Normal School in 1999 (Case study 9), I met up with a group of teachers who had graduated from East China Normal University to become lecturers in Normal Schools. However, Shanghai’s Normal Schools were closed in 1996, with the training courses now being run by the university. One of the Normal Schools had been incorporated into ECNU and the other six had become middle schools. These young people were therefore working as middle school teachers, though they had degrees in education, not school subject disciplines.
