ABSTRACT
Plutarch makes much of Alcibiades' chameleon-like ability to colour his behaviour according to his environment. In this respect he is entirely unlike Timon who, as Apemantus says, knew only two extremes (IV.3.300). This contrast Shakespeare outlines, though it is not fully developed in the playas we have it. Both men are victims of ingratitude and injustice; both go into exile from the city; but their reactions differ. Whereas Timon sinks into misanthropy, spurning all society, and dies miserably alone. Alcibiades takes positive action, surrounded by an army and accompanied by his concubines. And whereas Timon is unforgiving to the last, Alcibiades shows moderation and mercy. Plutarch's Life contained much other evidence of the latter's restraint and patriotism. Although he helped Sparta, he refused to aid the foreigner Tisaphernes to destroy his country, and when recalled he waged successful wars on behalf of Athens. Maybe Shakespeare would have used some of this material had he finished his play. As it is, he includes only the decisive moments.
