ABSTRACT
The change in flexibility of the foot is brought about primarily by the position of the subtalar joint (STJ) and the midtarsal joint (MTJ). At heel strike, the STJ pronates to achieve flexibility and shock absorption as the foot reaches the ground. Subtalar pronation is a movement in three body planes consisting of eversion, dorsiflexion and abduction. The effect of this pronation is to unlock the midtarsal joint and render the foot as a flexible cushion (Figure 11). Clinically, it is seen as a flat foot, with eversion of the calcaneum and lowering of the longitudinal arch of the foot slightly increasing its length.
