Introduction

Indigenous peoples in the new world countries of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United States comprise those descendants of the original inhabitants of these lands, who retain cultural difference from majority settler populations that have usurped their territory, and who identify themselves as Indigenous (Taylor 2003). Aside from initial population decline, one of the most tangible and lasting demographic impacts of colonization on these peoples has been their widespread dispersion and spatial redistribution. They are now located in a wide variety of residential settings ranging from major metropolitan areas to the remotest and smallest of localities, either within their traditional homelands or far from them.