ABSTRACT

In Chapter 7 we reviewed the spatial relationships of anomalies within the large-scale wind circulation over the Earth and tendencies for sequences (i.e. evolutions) of displaced or anomalous development which are known to affect Europe, in particular, and appear dependable enough to use in seasonal weather forecasting. In some of these sequences/evolutions, effects upon the thermal condition of the undersurface and the subsequent reactions (feedback) from this upon the atmosphere, were either known or suspected to be playing a part. In this chapter we examine cases where influences upon the atmosphere from the undersurface and from other extraneous circumstances can be either seen in operation or deduced.