ABSTRACT
The increasing numbers of artificial jumping hills and the supply of existing jumping hills with chairlifts induced a greater intensity of jump training on jumping hills. However, technique-specific strength training still has a relevant importance. Technique-specific strength training is mainly practiced by so-called simulation jumps. These are take-offs from a specific in-run position with the purpose of simulating the take-off motion on jumping hills as exactly as possible (Fig. 1). Simulation jumps are a favourite means within the technique training of ski-jumpers, and there are many scientific studies dealing with this subject [9] [4] [10] [5] [6] [7] [11]. If possible, simulation jumps should largely correspond in their dynamic-temporal and kinetic-temporal structure to hill jumps. Admittedly the prerequisites and conditions for hill jumps are essentially different in comparison to simulations jumps. On one hand, hill jumps result in great wind resistence against the direction of motion, and on the other, the jumper can use the take-off force—with slight deviations—through the smaller amount of friction present. In oppostion to this, wind resistence has no effect in simulated jumps, the friction between the boot and ground is so great that a take-off with a distinctly forward directional component is made possible. Such a direction of the jump is selected in order to recreate a similar feeling as hill jumps. In simulation, the ski jumpers are caught or stopped after take-off (Fig. 1).
