ABSTRACT
In the 1940s, John von Neumann pioneered the design of basic computer architecture by structuring computers into two major units: a central processing unit (CPU), responsible for computations, and a data storage unit, or memory. This architecture is demand driven, based on a command and instructionoriented computing model. The basic unit cycle of execution, typically composed of a single instruction, consists of four steps:
1. Obtain the addresses of the result and operands. 2. Obtain the operand data from the operand location(s). 3. Compute the result data from the operand data. 4. Store the result data in the result location.
