ABSTRACT
For the concrete study, we used fragments spalled from the lower (M1) and upper (M2) part of the monument due to corrosion of the reinforcement (Fig. 2), avoiding further damage to the structure.
The concrete samples were characterized by determination of major and trace elements by X-ray fluorescence with a Panalytical spectrometer (AXIOS model). Subsequently, the chloride content was estimated from the chlorine content and expressed as a percentage by weight of cement. The mineralogical study used X-ray diffraction (Bruker-AXS D8 Advance model), determining the bulk mineralogy by the powder method. The phenolphthalein test was used to estimate the concrete pH, and the carbonation depth was determined in accordance with the UNE-EN 14639:07 standards. Finally, open porosity and apparent and real densities were determined in accordance with the UNE-EN 1936:2007 standard.
