ABSTRACT
The Bali Action Plan took up the idea of creating incentives to keep forests intact by making trees standing more valuable than felled. It launched the designing of a mechanism to compensate tropical forest countries keeping forests standing and thereby to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) as part of the ongoing post-2012 climate change negotiations. The 2009 Copenhagen Accord committed to funding activities toward REDD as well as conservation, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks (REDD+). The 2010 Cancun Agreements include provisional language on social and environmental safeguards and provide guidance on REDD+ readiness activities. During 2011 and 2012, much attention was focused on finance and developing guidelines for measuring, reporting, and verifying reductions in deforestation (Lyster et al. 2013).
