ABSTRACT
The primary purpose of sizing—an important step in preparation for weaving known as warp slashing—is to attain optimum weaving efficiency. The process requires selection of sizing materials that are appropriate for the specific warp yarns, of formulations, and of processing conditions which are suitable for the equipment used. The evolution of sizing technology in the textile industry has a long history. The adhesion of the size to the yarn substrate is critically important. The tensile strength of a size film depends primarily on the molecular and supramolecular properties of the film-forming polymer. In a size film, lubricity is essential in order to minimize the effects of friction and wear between surfaces. Amine salts of starch half esters with dicarboxylic acids have been claimed as exceptionally useful derivatives, providing improved film elongation in the sizing of hydrophobic yarns. Starch acetates are important derivatives for use in mixtures with many water-soluble natural and synthetic film formers.
