ABSTRACT
Y\‡ ‡A2\gd \d…g:”2A‡ YA ‡!A[gJ[YA[!… ! YA )AQ\dd\dQ gJ YA [ p…g]A2u \d…g:”2A‡ YA p!…\2\p!g…™ p…!2\2A‡ \d YA Y…AA …AQ\gd‡ \d–g_–A:8 A‡!)_\‡YA‡ YA )!2^Q…g”d: 2gd2Ap‡ ”‡A: Jg… A‡!)_\‡Y\dQ YA —g…^Mg— bg:A_ !d: p…A‡Ad‡ \‡ \d\\!_ –A…‡\gd ”‡A: g pA…Jg…b [ …\!_‡u
g…bA… !…\2\p!g…™ …!2\2A‡ \d YA [ AQ\gd‡
YA [ p…g]A2 Y!‡ )AAd pA…Jg…bA: )™ Y…AA ”…gpA!d …AQ\gd‡ —\Y _gdQ A˜pA…\Ad2A \d 2\\›Ad p!…\2\p!\gd \d p”)_\2 :A2\‡\gd[b!^\dQu Y\‡ ‡A2\gd :A‡2…\)A‡ YA bg‡ \bpg…!d p!…\2\p!g…™ p…!2\2A‡ \d !!_gd\!8 AQ\gdA g‡2!d! !d: g\g”[Y!…AdA‡8 )AJg…A YA pA…Jg…b!d2A gJ YA [ p…g]A2 …\!_‡u
!!_gd\!u d !!_gd\!8 2\\›Ad p!…\2\p!\gd \d p”)_\2 :A2\‡\gd[b!^\dQ Y!‡ )AAd \d…g:”2A: \d YA !!_!d g–A…dbAd ‡\d2A “œœOu YA \…A2g…!A AdA…!_ r s Jg… \\›Ad !…\2\p!\gd —!‡ 2…A!A: —\Y YA !\b gJ p”\dQ \dg p…!2\2A YA ‡g[2!__A: A— g–A…d!d2A‚ p…\d2\p_A‡u \‡ :A–gA: g YA p…gbg\gd gJ 2\\›Ad p!…\2\p!\gd \d YA Jg…b”_!\gd !d:
\bp_AbAd!\gd gJ p”)_\2 pg_\2\A‡ gJ YA !!_!d g–A…dbAdu YA Jg… \\›Ad !…\2\p!\gd p…gbgA‡ p!…\2\p!g…™ A˜pA…\Ad2A‡ ! _g2!_ !d: …AQ\gd!_ _A–A_8 Q!YA…\dQ ‡!^AYg_:A…‡ !d: 2\\›Ad‡ g 2g[A_!)g…!A p”)_\2 pg_\2\A‡ ! _g2!_ !d: …AQ\gd!_ _A–A_‡u YA Jg… \\›Ad !…\2\p!\gd !_‡g p…gbgA‡ YA …A‡A!…2Y !d: pg_\2™
\ddg–!\gd \d YA KA_: gJ :Abg2…!\2 p…g2A:”…A‡ !d!_™‡\dQ YA ”‡A‡ Jg… :Abg2…!\2 \ddg–!\gdu d Y\‡ ‡Ad‡A8 \ p…gbgA: YA [ p…g]A28 —\Y YA !\b gJ _!”d2Y\dQ ! p\_g A˜pA…\Ad2A gJ A_A2…gd\2 2\\›Ad p!…\2\p!\gd ! YA ”…gpA!d _A–A_u
AQ\gdA g‡2!d!u d ”‡2!d™8 2\\›Ad p!…\2\p!\gd Y!‡ )AAd !JK…bA: p…gQ…A‡‡\–A_™ !‡ ! b!d:!g…™ …Az”\‡\A \d p_!dd\dQ ‡g2\g[A2gdgb\2 :A–A_gpbAd \d QAdA…!_u YA …!\gd!_A Jg… !d A˜Ad‡\gd gJ 2gd2A…!\gd J…gb 2g__A2\–A )g:\A‡ g 2\\›Ad‡8 …A_\A‡ gd ! b\˜ gJ \:Ag_gQ\2!_‚ !d: p…!Qb!\2‚ 2gd‡\:A…!\gd‡u YA pg_\\2!_ —\__ —!‡ g Qg )A™gd: ! p_!\d –!d\__!‚ 2gd2A…!\gd —\Y …AQ\gd!_ ‡!^AYg_:A…‡ !d: …™ dA— Jg…b‡ gJ pg_\\2!_ \d2_”‡\gd !^\dQ )AdAK J…gb YA _gdQ[‡!d:\dQ 2”_”…!_‚ …!:\\gd gJ 2\–\2 AdQ!QAbAd \d ”‡2!d™u
YA …A‡”_ gJ YA‡A AJJg…‡ Y!‡ )AAd YA K…‡ …AQ\gd!_ )\__ \d ”…gpA r”‡2!d™‚‡
!— gu ‹e gJ “œœŠs :A!_\dQ —\Y YA \d–g_–AbAd gJ 2\\›Ad‡ \d YA _AQ\‡_!\–A !d: pg_\2™ :A‡\Qd p…g2A‡‡u Y!‡ g )A bAd\gdA: Y! p…\g… g \‡ :…!J\dQ !d: !pp…g–!_ )™ YA AQ\gd!_ g”d2\_8 YA !)\dA ‡!…A: ! 2g__A2\–A :\‡2”‡‡\gd8 —Y\2Y _!‡A: !_bg‡ —g ™A!…‡ !d: b!:A ”‡A gJ )gY gJM\dA‚ !d: gg_‡8 g \:Ad\J™ YA 2g…A \‡‡”A‡ !d: YA pg‡‡\)_A Q”\:A_\dA‡ gJ Y\‡ _AQ\‡_!\–A AJJg…8 2gbb\\dQ g …A2A\–A !d™ ^\d: gJ ‡…”2”…A: \dp” J…gb YA d”bA…g”‡ p!…\2\p!g…™ A˜pA…\Ad2A‡ gd 2g”…‡A \d YA …AQ\gdu
g\g”[Y!…AdA‡u d g\g”[Y!…AdA‡8 p!…\2\p!g…™ :Abg2…!2™ Y!‡ )AAd ! 2gd‡!d ‡\d2A “œœOu Y!‡ )AAd Q…!:”!__™ !pp_\A: J…gb YA p…\g… pY!‡A gJ YA :A2\‡\gd‡ g YA\… A–!_”!\gd !JA…—!…:‡u \d2A YAd8 !…\2\p!g…™ g…”b‡ )…\dQ gQAYA… !2g…‡ !d: 2\\›Ad‡ g 2g[A_!)g…!A YA pg_\2\A‡ \bp_AbAdA: )™ YA …AQ\gd \d !__ \‡ KA_:‡ gJ !2\gdu \‡ —g…Y bAd\gd\dQ Y! J…gb “œœL gd8 YA \QY 2Ygg_‡ !…\2\p!g…™
”:QA \‡ J”d:A: —\Y !d !dd”!_ !bg”d !__g2!A: gJ jœ b\__\gd A”…g‡u —!‡ ! K…‡ \d …!d2A !d: \d YA —g…_: r!‡ YA p!…\2\p!g…™ )”:QA‡ !…A b!\d_™ Jg… b”d\2\p!_\\A‡ !d: …!…A_™ !pp_\A: g ! …AQ\gd!_ _A–A_su \d2A “œœB8 YA K…‡ !…\2\p!g…™ —g…^‡Ygp‡ !d: \\›Ad‡‚ ”…\A‡ Y!–A )AAd
YA_: g A–!_”!A YA …AQ\gd!_ p”)_\2 pg_\2\A‡u
”bb!…™ !d: \bp!2 gJ YA [ p…g]A2u YA…A \‡ dg ! ‡\dQ_A —!™ gJ p…gbg\dQ 2\\›Ad‡‚ p!…\2\p!\gd \d p”)_\2 pg_\2\A‡ :A‡\Qdu YA A˜pA…\Ad2A‡ …Apg…A: p…A–\g”‡_™ J…gb YA Y…AA …AQ\gd‡ 2_A!…_™ ‡Yg— YA –!…\A™ gJ !pp…g!2YA‡7
> d !!_gd\!8 YA g–A…dbAd Y!‡ p…gbgA: !d: Kd!d2\!__™ ‡”‡!\dA: p!…\2\p!g…™ \d\\!\–A‡ gJ \‡ \dA…d!_ :Ap!…bAd‡ !d: p!…\2\p!g…™ A˜pA…\Ad2A‡ gJ YA !!_!d _g2!_ Qg–A…dbAd‡8 —\Y !d \d2…A!‡\dQ )”:QA !d: …Ap”!\gd )!‡A: gd p…A–\g”‡ ‡”22A‡‡ ‡g…\A‡u
> d ”‡2!d™8 YA :b\d\‡…!\gd Y!‡ K…‡ A‡!)_\‡YA: ! bg:A_ gJ 2ggpA…!\–A Qg–A…d!d2A‚ —\Y \‡ b!\d ‡!^AYg_:A…‡8 YAd \‡‡”A: ! ‡pA2\K2 _!— g :\‡2\p_\dA !d: …AQ”_!A YA p!…\2\p!g…™ !2\–\\A‡ gJ _g—A… _A–A_ !”Yg…\\A‡ rA‡pA2\!__™ ”d\2\p!_\\A‡s !d: 2\–\_ ‡g2\A™ g…Q!d\›!\gd‡u
> d g\g”[Y!…AdA‡8 YA …AQ\gd \‡ :\…A2_™ \d–g_–A: \d g…Q!d\›\dQ A–Ad‡8 :A)!A‡ !d: gYA… gppg…”d\\A‡ Jg… p”)_\2 :\‡2”‡‡\gd8 :…\–Ad )™ YA\… \bbA:\!A Qg!_‡ !d: YAb!\2 g…\Ad!\gdu
g— Jg… YA K…‡ \bA8 Y!d^‡ g YA [ p…g]A28 YA‡A Y…AA …AQ\gd‡ Y!–A )AAd ]g\d_™ A˜pA…\bAd\dQ —\Y ! ‡!bA —g…^Mg— gJ !2\–\\A‡D2gb)\dA: —\Y A2Yd\2!_ ‡g_”\gd‡ ‡”2Y !‡ YA g2\!_ A—g…^\dQ _!Jg…b !d: YA \…”!_ g—d AA\dQ8 !d: YA\… …A_!A: bAYg:g_gQ\A‡ Jg… bg:A…!A: gd_\dA :\‡2g”…‡A‡ !d: :A_\)A…!\gd‡u g A˜p_g…A —Y! \bp_\2!\gd‡ Y\‡ ”d\!…™ !:gp\gd !d: A˜pA…\bAd!\gd b!™ \d:”2A \d YA …A‡pA2\–A :A2\‡\gd[b!^\dQ p…g2A‡‡A‡8 \ \‡ —g…Y ”‡\dQ YA —g…^Mg— bg:A_ p…A‡AdA: \d YA Y\…: ‡A2\gdu
‡ ‡!A: \d YA \d…g:”2\gd8 YA…A !…A JA— bg:A_‡ \d YA _\A…!”…A Y! 2Y!…!2A…\›A YA A!…\2\p!\gd :gb!\d‚‡ )!‡\2 A_AbAd‡ !d: YA …A_!\gd‡Y\p‡ !bgdQ YAbu g…Ag–A…8 p…!2\2!__™ !__ gJ YAb !…A ‡\__ \d YA :A–A_gpbAd !d: …AKdAbAd p…g2A‡‡ r‡AA !b)g”…\‡ A !_u8j‹ !_!bpg^\‡ A !_u8jŠ \2YYg_›A… !d: A‡Yg_b8jB !d: \2^\dQ !d: \bbA…jesu g…Ag–A…8 dgdA \‡ ‡pA2\K2!__™ Jg2”‡A: gd …Ap…A‡Ad\dQ !d: 2Y!…!2A…\›\dQ ! p!…\2\p!g…™ :A2\‡\gd[b!^\dQ p…g2A‡‡ —\Y\d ”)_\2 :b\d\‡…!\gdu YA…AJg…A8 \d g_gb)g A !_u8“œ —A ‡!…A: g :…!J YA [—g…^Mg—bg:A_ J…gb ‡2…!2Y8 )!‡A: gd \‡ :A‡\…A: 2Y!…!2A…\‡\2‡u YA…A !…A —g b!\d JA!”…A‡ gJ g”… p!…\2\p!g…™ —g…^Mg—u d YA gdA Y!d:8
\ b”‡ ‡”ppg… pg_\2™ :A‡\Qd !d: \bp_AbAd!\gd8 ‡g \ ‡Yg”_: Jg__g— YA 2Y!…!2A…\‡\2‡ gJ YA QAdA…!_ pg_\2™[b!^\dQ p…g2A‡‡u d YA gYA… Y!d:8 \ b”‡ Y!–A !d \dJg…b!\–A !d: :A_\)A…!\–A –!_”A Jg… ”)_\2 :b\d\‡…!\gd8 ‡g \ ‡Yg”_: Y!–A YA 2Y!…!2A…\‡\2‡ gJ ‡g2\!_ g… pAgp_A[:…\–Ad p…g2A‡‡A‡8 —YA…A 2g__!)g…!\gd !d: !: Yg2 \dA…!2\gd !…A \bpg…!d !‡ Y\QY_™ ‡…”2”…A: —g…^ ‡Ap‡u !‡A: gd YA‡A …Az”\…AbAd‡8 —A Abp_g™A: Y…AA A˜\‡\dQ …AJA…Ad2A J…!bA—g…^‡ !‡ ‡!…\dQ pg\d‡ g :A–A_gp YA \d\\!_ [ —g…^Mg— bg:A_7
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