ABSTRACT
Most preparatory processes for dyeing and finishing involve heating the fabric or treating it with chemicals. High temperature thermal treatments are often beneficial to fabrics containing thermoplastic fibers while these treatments are not beneficial or desirable on fabrics containing only non-thermoplastic fibers. Typical processes for preparation of materials for dyeing and finishing are: heat setting, singeing, desizing, scouring, bleaching, and mercerizing. Colorfastness properties of colored products have a direct impact in the everyday use of textile products. Actual dye cycles vary greatly depending on the type of dye and fiber as well as the type of equipment used. Eight major dye classes according to method of application are commonly used in textiles. The five classes used mainly on cellulose fibers are direct dyes, sulfur dyes, azoic dyes, reactive dyes, and vat dyes. The three classes used mainly for protein and synthetic fibers are acid dyes, basic dyes, and disperse dyes. The chapter describes the principal coating techniques for fabrics.
