ABSTRACT
Advances in geology have been made using the concept of relative dating, where the chronological order of events is established even though the actual dates of the events are unknown. The principal quantum number is the distance factor, and relates to the average distance of the electron from the nucleus. The azimuthal quantum number is the shape factor, and relates to the shape of an orbital and occurs in the angular part of the wave function. Atoms in the center of the periodic table tend to share electrons with other atoms. The chemical properties of elements in the group are even more closely related as one goes from left to right in the periodic table. The oxidation number is the charge that an atom would have if both of the electrons in each bond were assigned to the more electronegative element.
