ABSTRACT
Sludge-dewatering systems range from very simple devices to extremely complex mechanical processes. Simple devices involve natural evaporation and percolation from sludge lagoons or drying beds. Complex mechanical systems utilize sludge conditioning; followed by centrifugation, vacuum filtration, filter presses, and belt filters. This chapter presents various methods of sludge conditioning and dewatering. It includes step-by-step design procedures, operation and maintenance, and equipment specifications for a sludge-dewatering facility using chemical conditioning and belt filter presses in the design example. Conditioning involves chemical and/or physical treatment of the sludge to enhance water removal. In addition, some conditioning processes also disinfect sludge, control odors, alter the nature of solids, provide limited solids destruction, and improve solids recovery. The chapter shows that the design details of the filter press assembly, chemical feed systems, and conditioning units. It describes important operation and maintenance considerations of filter press assembly.
