ABSTRACT
Physical agitation is recommended for most rehabilitation and maintenance treatments for the same reason that when one wash a bottle, one scrub it out - agitation makes the washing more effective. There are a variety of additional physical development methods used for water supply, oil, recharge, and other wells, including shooting and hydrofracturing. Many of these methods, including hydrofracturing, are probably too vigorous and not sufficiently controlled for environmental well redevelopment, especially where contaminated water is involved. The Aqua-Freed procedure was developed as a way to provide the redevelopment effects of cryogenic CO2 in a controlled manner. Some sonic or vibratory methods have been developed to provide controlled shock treatments for wells. Acids are used to remove blockage in carbonate rock aquifers, dissolve iron/manganese oxides and carbonate encrustation, and have some antibacterial effect by providing an ionic shock to aquifer microflora typically adapted to circum-neutral pH.
