ABSTRACT

This chapter deals with the various types of water storage reservoirs. It also deals with the water distribution system and includes patterns and configurations of pipeline networks and fundamental hydraulic principles for both laminar and turbulent flows. The chapter also deals with the structural design of water storage tanks, circular or rectangular. Computer programs for the design of both steel and reinforced concrete water tanks are included. Water storage is needed before and after treatment in order to maintain a reliable, uniform, and constant water supply, to balance out fluctuations in flow, and to furnish large volumes of water during emergencies such as fires. The capacity of a reservoir needed to maintain a uniform flow in a stream may be estimated by drawing, on the mass curve, a draft line tangent to a point at the beginning of the critical period.