ABSTRACT
Ionic conductors over a wide frequency range exhibit frequency-dependent dielectric permittivity, electrical conductivity, and dielectric loss, each of which provide information about the orientational adjustment of dipoles and the translational changes of mobile carriers. Protonic conduction in dielectrics is a particular case of ionic conduction in solid electrolytes. It is caused by two kinds of ionic motions: namely, oscillatory motions of the H-bond and diffusive motions from site to site (i.e., transfer of the H-bond). The information about the short characteristic times of the first type of motion can be obtained by vibrational spectroscopy, while information about long characteristic times of the second type of motion can be obtained from tracer diffusion or low frequency electrical conductivity measurements. Microscale dynamics of protons are obtained by NMR and neutron scattering measurements.
