Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism in the Elderly

Amino acid and protein metabolism is influenced by nutritional status, which in turn is influenced by social, psychological and economic factors. As we grow older, many of these aspects of our lives change, leading to changes in the selection, preparation and consumption of food. Hence, the aging process can have a profound effect on protein, as well as overall nutritional status. Twice as many older adults live in poverty compared to younger adults, as a result of decreases in income and increases in living costs such as medication, specialized aides (hearing, walking), etc. The expense of smaller packaging and high-quality, perishable food can strain an elder’s limited budget. In addition, transportation difficulties may influence selection of foodstuffs. Psychological factors may play a significant role in influencing nutritional status. Cognitive deficits may affect an individual’s ability to prepare food or even to recognize hunger. Depression and loneliness often lead to decreased appetite and interest in food. Combined with changes in living situations, social roles and support networks, these factors can predispose elders to nutritional deficits. ^{1, 2}