ABSTRACT
The Indian subcontinent is well endowed with placer minerals on and off both its east and west coasts. This is the result of a combination of factors, including abundant accessory minerals in the rocks of the hinterland, subtropical erosion and transportation processes, stable coastlines, and offshore wind systems which allow beach and offshore concentration to take place. Rising sea level has also played a part in the landward transport of offshore placers. Ilmenite, rutile, magnetite, zircon, garnet, and monazite are among the most important minerals present, and these have been selectively mined at a number of locations. Large-scale offshore mining, however, must await the establishment of a secure legal framework within which the exploitation can take place, including laws designed to protect the environment.
