ABSTRACT
The relationship between emotional stress and cardiovascular disorders has long been documented by clinicians and researchers. Psychological factors seem to influence the cardiovascular system in two different ways. First, it is well known that Panic Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder often present with symptoms that resemble classic cardiac symptoms. These symptoms include palpitations, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, dizziness, chest pain, and difficulty in breathing. Many patients with Panic Disorder or Generalized Anxiety Disorder visit several emergency rooms and many cardiologists' offices before they are accurately diagnosed with the underlying psychiatric condition. Second, the onset and exacerbation of actual cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and coronary artery disease, have been shown to be heavily influenced by psychological factors and personality traits, as discussed next.
