ABSTRACT
Formal methods exist for reaching appropriate decisions regarding complex problems. Sometimes the methods employed involve cost-benefit or cost-effectiveness analysis or the construction of a decision tree. Computer-based expert systems have even been developed to assist in pursuing the best course of diagnosis and treatment for certain configurations of patient signs and symptoms. However, most decision making with respect to medical care is much more informal. This chapter reviews sources of data to assess the role of subjective elements in decision making and presents analyses that evaluate the health effects and cost implications for elective hysterectomy.
