The Telephone as a Medium of Faith, Hope, Terror, and Redemption: America, September 11

The twenty-first century was supposed to have been, as Francis Fukuyama famously declared, the end of history. Instead, a defining historical deflection occurred due to the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001 on the United States of America. The topic of this chapter is the way people used the telephone and related technology to address their situation and needs during the terrorist assault on New York City and Washington.