ABSTRACT
North temperate grasslands cover wide areas throughout the northern hemisphere; they occur where rainfall is insufficient to support forest and is usually in the region of 250–750 mm depending on temperature and seasonal distribution. During the prehistoric occupation of Torralba and Ambrona the climate was considerably cooler and moister than it is today. At Ambrona there are two archaeological levels, and it is the lower one, roughly contemporaneous with the archaeological horizons at Torralba, that will concern us. The technologically simple life as seen in the remains at Torralba and Ambrona means that people were at this juncture still largely dependent for food on the direct exploitation of large herbivores outside the forest. The distinction drawn in between implements and facilities is relevant to an analysis of both the Tungus and the inhabitants of Torralba and Ambrona.
