ABSTRACT
From the economic standpoint industry—in the sense of transformation of raw materials—developed universally in the form of work to provide for the requirements of a house community. In this connection it is an auxiliary occupation; it first begins to be interesting when production is carried beyond household needs. The second mode of transforming raw materials, for other than the needs of a household, is production for sale—that is, craft work. It will be seen that industrial work for the needs of the worker originally appears in the closed house community. Industrial work in communal form is found in occasional tasks, especially in house building. The work was so heavy that the single household and certainly the single man could not carry it out. Work is carried on with means provided by the entrepreneur, and discipline is necessary. The entrepreneur work shop counts as fixed capital, forming an item in the accounting of the entrepreneur.
