Rationality, Critical Rationalism, and Planning Doctrine

These days, nobody dares to be positive about planning thought. It is said to be “in the doldrums” (de Neufville 1983, 35). The “old paradigm” appears obsolete (Galloway and Mahayni 1977; Alexander 1984). Planning theory is said to be based on the assumption of certainty (Christensen 1985, 66), a consensus view of society (Thomas 1979), and/or on technocracy (Friedmann 1973, 68).