ABSTRACT
The modern introduction to the theory of evolution no longer starts with the simplest forms of life, because inorganic nature also evolved down the ages. The evolution of the early forms of life, until the development of man, is the result of accidental gene mutations caused by changes of a physical or chemical nature. The evolution of sign-systems from the "beginning" until the development of human language is unusually complex. Philosophers, according to their orientation, caught only certain aspects, but not its entire complexity and its confusing contrasts. The mediating functions of signs determine the special character of the sciences dealing with processes of expression and communication. The mediated directness of the listener or of the perceiver in general is converted into the indirect mediation of the speaker or the one who transmits expressions.
