ABSTRACT
The most elementary role of a port is that it connects port users, both consumers and producers, in the hinterland of a port with overseas markets. The competitiveness of ports as transport nodes depends critically on their position in maritime networks. In many parts of the world, port development challenges are huge. The ports serving Austria can be grouped together into the 'North ports', the Rhine ports and the South ports. Introducing intra-port competition may be required to prevent excessive pricing. On top of that, intra-port competition fosters specialization and innovation, and contributes to the competitiveness of the port. Port development benefits from a long-term port development plan. 'Adaptive port planning' is needed, as unexpected events can deeply impact port development. Deep involvement of stakeholders in a port vision and masterplan is an effective way to create stakeholder support for such a plan.
