ABSTRACT
One of the first consultants to political PR for Nazi Germany was Carl Byoir. For instance, shortly after the Nazi seizure of power in 1933, a representative of Adolf Hitler approached Bernays to recruit him as a PR agent for the Third Reich. Germany's National Socialists were believers in a crude mass psychology with respect to propaganda. Even Ivy Lee, one of the most influential PR counsels in the United States, was harshly attacked in 1934 because of his connections to Nazi Germany when it was revealed that for $25,000 Lee was working for the German Dye Trust. Bernays (1965) reported in his memoirs on image cultivation PR activities carried out by India in the United States from October 1951 to May 1952. In assessment Nazi foreign propaganda was practically no different from domestic propaganda, except that breaking the enemy's morale was the ultimate objective of foreign propaganda.
