ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses research findings on gender differences in brain structures and functioning as well as in all aspects of biochemistry. It examines the fact that males and females of most species differ in body size. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) involves all nerve processes found outside the CNS. The CNS and PNS essentially guide and coordinate nearly all of the functioning of the rest of the body. Simply measuring the circumference of the head provides a crude measure of brain size and has been used for this purpose for many years. Ventricles are the fluid-filled cavities within the brain. The neocortex is the primary portion of the human brain that is most highly developed in humans. The corpus callosum is the tissue of the brain connecting the two hemispheres, with portions also connecting the neocortex as a whole to subcortical regions of the brain.
