ABSTRACT
ARISTOTLE (384-322 bc) Greek philosopher, pupil of Plato. He was appointed by King Philippe II of Macedonia as tutor to his son, the future Alexander the Great (343 bc). He founded several schools and on his return to Athens (335 bc) he opened the Lyceum, which remained active until 529 ad when the Emperor Justinian decided to put an end to pagan philosophy. His treatises, comprising lecture notes taken down by his listeners, brought together works of logic, natural philosophy, metaphysics as well as morals and politics. Certain aspects of his thought, like the defence of slavery, reflected the prejudices of Greek cities; others, like the condemnation of loans with interest, left their mark on the practices of the medieval West, or his research into the determining factors of the exchange value between goods correspond to economists’ fundamental concerns. His work has been translated and published in 12 volumes in The Works of Aristotle, Translated into English Under the Editorship of W.D. Ross, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1952, and published again in The Complete Works of Aristotle: The Revised Oxford Translation, edited by J. Barnes, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984.
