ABSTRACT

(Received in final form: June 30, 1987)

Several appropriate technology alternatives are suggested for water and wastewater treatment in less developed countries. Large-scale water supply systems employing conventional water treatment methods should be replaced by several small-scale water treatment units utilizing appropriate water treatment methods.

Conventional sewerage systems should be replaced by low cost on-site sanitation systems and several other low-cost wastewater treatment methods such as oxidation ponds, aerated lagoons and anaerobic lagoons. Wastewater renovation and re-use should be actively encouraged in view of dwindling water resources in these countries.