ABSTRACT
Independent variables The regression analysis contains indicators for each of the principal causal variables proposed in Chapter 2. The selected operational measures of cultural distinctiveness, globalization, European integration, party systems and economic development will be discussed. In some cases, more than one operational measure is included in order to capture different aspects of the independent variable. Cultural distinctiveness is measured by two separate indices, capturing linguistic differences and historical legacy. The operationalization of European integration
includes a measure of public support for European integration and another of structural funds income. Finally, the regional party systems dimension is captured by an indicator of gross party system distinctiveness, and another on the existence of a regionalist party. The analysis also includes control variables for centre/ periphery status and for absolute and relative population size.
