ABSTRACT
Networks have always played-and still play-an important role in industrial and entrepreneurial life in Finland. Over the years, networks have been built up for various purposes, usually in order to rationalize the activities of the fi rms. However, over the years, a wide variety of new kinds of organizational arrangements has emerged to support innovation. It is not a big secret that the industrial development in Finland before the mid-1980s was characterized by large number of cartels. As cartels became less acceptable, later on even forbidden by law, other forms of networking increased their importance.
