ABSTRACT
Distinguishing marks or signs have been used throughout the history of warfare – a distinctive kind of conflict-related material culture that redefined personal identity by changing an individual’s appearance through clothing and symbols. These changes were directly attributable to war, enabling soldiers quickly to recognize comrades and allies in the confusion of battle. These marks and signs were more than emblems of military prowess and parade ground display; they were visually arresting symbols designed for saving human lives (and achieving military ends). Viewed in this way, military heraldry is of great significance not only to military history (its traditional home), but also to the investigation of the ways that material culture can objectify the relationships between human beings and war.
