ABSTRACT
For over a quarter of a century, researchers have studied the knowledge and beliefs of teachers. In 1977, Walberg first discussed "teachers' mental lives" in an article entitled, "Decision and perception: New constructs for research on teaching effects." From the 1980s to the present, consistent with the shift to cognitive perspectives in education and psychology, research has examined many aspects of teachers' mental lives including their attitudes, perceptions, implicit theories, cognitions, reasoning, images, metaphors, and epistemological beliefs (Freeman, 2002; Munby, Russell, & Martin, 2001; Pajares, 1992; Schraw & Olafson, 2001).
