ABSTRACT
As can be seen, the JA tautology in (6) interacts with intonation to perform two different language functions. The information structure in (6) drifts from canonical word orders involving subject-predicate formulations ((2)–(4) and (7) and (8) above) by just repeating the word non-predicatively. Intonationally the commendation tautology has a larger pitch range than the indifference tautology. Alternatively, JA employs ordinary information structures as in (7). To explain, (7a) uses the interrogative form to express indifference, which is a surface manifestation of VSO.3 Similarly, (7b) utilizes TC to express commendation. As for MSA, it expresses indifference by employing Verb-SubjectComplement (VSC) in (8a) and commendation by using TC in (8b). One should note that (7) and (8) count only as candidate paraphrases of the tautology in (6), possibly among many others embracing similar non-tautological formulations.
