ABSTRACT
This chapter launches the exploration of passive techniques by focusing on the use of hypnosis. Hypnosis aims to enhance performance by encouraging the individual to relax whilst repeatedly providing positive or encouraging suggestions. The chapter begins by outlining what hypnosis is and provides a brief history of its development from mesmerism. This is followed by a summary of the hypnotic procedure, including the measurement of hypnotic susceptibility, the relaxation/induction stage and the suggestion stage. The chapter then covers the two main opposing theoretical perspectives of hypnosis encapsulated as non-state versus state approaches. Following this there is an examination of the evidence from various settings assessing whether hypnosis can enhance human performance. Finally, the chapter examines some of the factors known to influence the effectiveness of hypnosis.
