ABSTRACT
Modern structures are designed for a wide range of loading and concrete quality as described in table 1.
A long time before two-phase models, concrete was regarded (Troxell et al. 1968) as a mixture of granular materials, with water added merely for fluidity. The properties of concrete were popular as empirical
power functions – or power laws. Powers differentiated the water content as evaporable and non-evaporable at 105◦C and then explained the deformation of concrete.
