ABSTRACT
This chapter proposes that fundamentalization in general, and curricular fundamentalization in particular, are state-controlled discursive mechanisms through which economically modernizing but socially conservative elites seek to contain and deflect potential dysfunctionalities in society. It focuses on the linguistic construction of Indian history and identity in the state-mandated textbooks that were printed under the Hindu nationalist government between 1998 and 2004. The chapter also pays particular attention to the designation of responsibility and blame within the linguistic constructions. Globalization brings with it a mix of opportunities and threats for every nation, culture and educational system. On the one hand, the removal of barriers and new technologies creates new possibilities for intercultural dialogue; on the other, there is the danger that new structures of global hegemony will emerge. The BJP has followed a very modern, secular and open policy. On the other hand, the BJP pursued a marked fundamentalization and hence ‘closure’ of Indian society, which was reflected by, and pursued through.
