Introduction

Parts 2, 3 and 4 have examined how architecture has evolved over many centuries and how these changes have been influenced by strongly inter-related factors including climate, geographical location, fashions and trends, human needs and, notably, available local materials. It is essential to understand materials, their geographic spread and how they have been used or even misused if buildings are to be understood. Understanding the performance of building materials and construction methods together with an appreciation of the processes of deterioration over time is a fundamental requirement for any conservation practitioner. The ability to investigate and assess materials, methods and deterioration processes will provide the conservationist with the necessary knowledge that will underpin any intervention works.