ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the evolution, goals and impacts of poverty alleviation policies. An assessment of impacts chiefly looks at the degree of implementation in terms of target populations and whether or not policies have reached the poor. Where data permit, the degree of benefits for people in poverty is also analysed. China's targeted poverty alleviation policies began in the mid 1980s in rural areas. China's adoption of developmental poverty alleviation in rural areas correlates with the development degree of the rural economy. Poverty alleviation by international organizations involves a few organizations that launched poverty alleviation activities shortly after China put into force her policy of reform and opening up. To alleviate financial burdens on peasants, the Government implemented the 'One Fee System' reform and the 'Two Exemptions and One Subsidy' policy. The 'One Fee Reform' and the Two Exemptions and One Subsidy' policy have reduced educational expenses for poor households.
